Yanditswe na Imfurayabo Pierre Romeo
Icyegeranyo cy’umuryango w’abibumbye kivuga ko ibimera, ibisimba n’ibinyabuzima bito cyane bitabonwa n’ijisho rya muntu bifatwa nk’inkingi mwikorezi ikomokaho ibiribwa bitandukanye, biri kugabanuka ku isi.
Iki cyegeranyo cya ONU kivuga ko mu gihe ibi binyabuzima by’ingenzi byaba bihonnye, ibi "byashyira mu kaga gakomeye ejo hazaza h’uburyo tubonamo ibyo kurya".
Ubu bushakashatsi buvuga ko impinduka mu ikoreshwa ry’ubutaka, isuri n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, byose biri gutikiza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima.
Abashakashatsi bavuga ko nubwo hakomeje kwiyongera ingamba zo kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, zitiyongera cyane bihagije.
Ishami rya ONU ryita ku buhinzi n’ibiribwa, FAO, ari naryo ryateguye iki cyegeranyo rigendeye ku makuru ryakusanyije mu bihugu 91 ku isi, rivuga ko ubu ari bwo bushakashatsi bwa mbere bukozwe kuri iyi ngingo.
Urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima ku biribwa n’ubuhinzi ruteye gute ?
Ahanini ni urusobe rw’ibimera, ibisimba ndetse n’ibindi binyabuzima, byaba ibyo mu rugo cyangwa mu gasozi, bituma tubona ibintu nk’ibiribwa n’ibicanwa.
Kandi rurimo n’ibindi binyabuzima nk’inzuki biduha ibintu by’ingenzi dukenerana mu buzima, bikabamo n’ibyatsi byo mu nyanja, amashyamba, utuyoka n’ibindi bituma ubutaka buhorana ifumbire ndetse bikayungurura umwuka n’amazi.
Kuki iki cyegeranyo gishya ari ingenzi ?
Iki cyegeranyo cyiswe, ’Uko urusobe rw’ibinzabuzima rujyanye n’ibiribwa n’ubuhinzi ruhagaze ku isi’, kigaragaza ibintu bibiri by’ingenzi.
Icya mbere, ni uko abatuye isi bakomeje kwiyongera babeshejweho n’ibintu bikomeza kuba bicye, mu gihe byitezwe ko mu mwaka wa 2050 abatuye isi bazaba barenga miliyari 10.
Iki cyegeranyo kivuga ko mu moko 6000 y’ibimera ahingirwa gutanga ibiribwa, icyenda gusa muri ayo moko yihariye 66% by’ibiribwa byera ku isi. Umusaruro ukomoka ku matungo ku isi uva ku moko 40 y’ibisimba, agerwa ku rushyi muri yo akaba ari yo atanga mwinshi mu musaruro w’inyama, amata n’amagi.
Ingingo ya kabiri iki cyegeranyo kigaragaza, ni uko amoko menshi y’ibinyabuzima bitanga ibiribwa abantu bacyenera mu kunganira ibiribwa n’ubuhinzi, yugarijwe cyangwa ari kugabanuka. Amoko arenga 1000 y’ibiribwa byo mu gasozi, by’umwihariko ibimera, amafi, n’ibinyamabere, ari kugabanuka ku bwinshi.
José Graziano da Silva, umuyobozi mukuru wa FAO, agira ati : "Urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima ni ngombwa cyane mu kubungabunga ukwihaza mu biribwa, indyo yuzuye, guteza imbere imiberereho mu byaro..."
None akaga kariho ku biribwa byacu kangana gute ?
Nkuko iki cyegeranyo kibivuga, ibura ry’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima rituma ibiribwa bishobora kwibasirwa cyane mu gihe haba hateye indwara cyangwa udukoko twibasira imyaka.
Iki cyegeranyo cyibutsa urugero rw’inzara yateye mu myaka ya 1840 ishingiye ku musaruro w’ibirayi, ko ishobora kongera kubaho mu gihe ibintu byaba bigenze nabi cyane.
Icyo gihe abahinzi b’ibirayi bo muri Ireland babagaho bakodesha inzu babamo, bakoresha ubutaka bwabo ahanini mu buhinzi bwatumaga babona n’amafaranga yo kuriha icumbi. Kuri bo, ibirayi byakomeje guhinduka igihingwa cy’ibanze barambirijeho mu mibereho yabo.
Nuko ubwo hadukaga indwara ikibasira ibyo birayi mu gihe cy’imyaka yikurikiranya, abantu miliyoni na bo barapfuye bazize inzara n’indwara.
Ni iki nakora mu buzima bwa buri munsi ngo ibi bihinduke ?
Cyo kimwe n’ibindi bibazo byinshi bishingiye ku bidukikije, abaryi bafite ububasha bwinshi bwo gukora impinduka.
FAO ivuga ko rubanda ishobora kurushaho gukoresha ibyo kurya birambye nk’urugero ibyaguriwe mu masoko y’abahinzi, cyangwa ikanga ibiribwa bibonwa nk’ibitarambye.
Inkuru ya BBC
